# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # Notes to _Gwreans an Bys_ from the KDL edition (August 2000) edited by # # Ray Edwards (RE). # # # # (Line numbers have been adjusted to agree with Stokes) # # -------------------------------------------------------------------------- # cw0004. a-ji. Following Hooper and Neuss. (RE) cw0004. kloudys. Not given in GM or GK98. Spelled clowdys in Nance 90 (RE) cw0015. (et passim) rial. Two syllables so this spelling is preferable. See NK (RE) cw0024. dywses. Following Stokes. Hooper reads ow devys. (RE) cw0032. dh'y se; cw0042. ow gordhya. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0058. dhe'm hanow. Neuss and Hooper emend to ow hanow. Keith Syed points out that dhe + infixed pronoun often occurs in Late Cornish for the possessive adjective. (RE) cw0109. my a's gwra. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw0109. plegadow. MS falladow. cw0117. cheften. MS chefter. cw0123, cw0128, cw0133 ow bosav. Keith Syed suggests this is the personal ending -av added to the verbal noun, a late usage not recognised in the grammar books (RE) cw0135. marnas. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0142. A note in the first edition says here: "It is a common expression in Cornwall to call a great man a great polat, perhaps from Pol, a head or top." cw0142. dell. Hooper reads dar. (RE) cw0153. dhe'th. See cw0058 (RE) cw0179. a lavarro. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0184. eya. Two syllables are needed to make up the count. This spelling is borrowed from Tregear to make this clear. See NK. (RE) cw0195. thought = "moment". Chamber's dictionary gives Shakespeare as authority for this meaning of thought. (RE) cw0197. y-wrought. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0198 The "I" omitted to preserve the syllable count. (RE) cw0201. mester. Neuss' and Hooper's reading. (RE) {The ms has with an superscript. This is the usual abbreviation for in this ms. However here the <2> form of r is used, perhaps a superscript was miscopied, or perhaps we just have an early example of the modern abbreviation "Mr."} cw0212. dhe'th. Keith Syed points out that dhe + infixed pronoun often occurs in Late Cornish for the possessive adjective. (RE) cw0220. mara. To preserve syllable count, following Hooper. (RE) cw0225. ow bosav. Keith Syed suggests this is the personal ending -av added to the verbal noun, a late usage not recognised in the grammar books (RE) cw0229. brav. Following Hooper and Nance 90. (RE) cw0233. Stokes inserts [leg. eth] after oth, but (g)oth meaning proud as read by Hooper is clearly correct. (RE) cw0257. peer. Hooper makes this into par but it looks like the English word to rhyme with hager. (RE) cw0262. yw. Following Neuss (RE) cw0264. Na, na. Following Hooper and Neuss. (RE) cw0270. ow trebuchya. Following Hooper and Neuss. (RE) cw0270. trebuchya = "springing back", as suggested in Nance 90 and by Hooper. A trebuchet was a siege catapult or a trap. Stumble or trip, the normal meaning of French trébucher does not fit here though it does at cw1581. (RE) cw0280. omsyns. Following Hooper and Neuss. (RE) cw0284. dell os goethus. cw0288. ha'th tekter. Following Hooper (RE) cw0294. mester. Stokes gives note that the MS is just . Mester is Hooper's reading. It seems more likely, though, unlike myrgh, it does not give a correct syllable count (RE). cw0305. rag dha vosta. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0324. gansa = "with him". Literally, with them. Hooper corrects to ganso but gansa seems set to rhyme with gowetha. (RE) cw0326. gallas; Following Hooper's corrections. (RE) cw0330. a-berth; Following Hooper's corrections. (RE) cw0345. my a'th wra; Following Hooper's corrections. (RE) cw0354. dhymm. Following Neuss. Hooper has: haval dhym a'n pen dhe'n tros. (RE) cw0361. delysyous. Not in the KK dictionaries. Nance 90 spells delycyous in Unified. (RE) cw0363sd. following Hooper. Stokes and Neuss have this long stage instruction broken into several parts. (RE) cw0385. tenna. Following Hooper's correction. (RE) cw0392sd. Hooper reads as she riseth, Neuss as he ryseth (RE) cw0402. na vegh i. Following Hooper. Cf. om0122. (RE) cw0410. syllies. This spelling with three syllables fits the verse at om0136 but here it creates an excess syllable. Syllyes would be better. (RE) cw0418. desquethyans. Norris gives a note that the MS has dowhethyans which Neuss takes as dewedhyans: conclusion. However, in OM, the corresponding line, om0147 has dysquythyens which supports Norris' emendation and is followed by Hooper. (RE) cw0422. dhug. Taken as future by other editors, but past makes more sense in the context. (RE) cw0438. yn pur semli. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw0465. My own suggestion. Hooper reads voyd dredhof-vy ha'w meny. (RE) cw0477. difashes. This appears to be the past participle of a verb difashe. The dictionaries do not recognise such a verb but give difasya instead, with a reference in Nance 90 to this line. (RE) cw0479. a'm gwel. Following Hooper and Neuss. (RE) cw0484. viaj. Spelled vyaj in GM and GK98 but it has to be two syllables to fit the metre. (RE) cw0485. dhegren. See Nance 90, GM and GK98. (RE) cw0493. Stokes inserts [leg. preves] after prevent but this seems the more likely reading, following Hooper and Neuss (Neuss takes in both possibilities by translating: I shall worm my way in before him). (RE) cw0494. ha'ga dri. Following Hooper's amendment. (RE) cw0499. fashes. This appears to be the past participle of a verb fashe. The dictionaries do not recognise such a verb but give fasya instead, with a reference in Nance 90 to this line. (RE) cw0506. Kyn na woer. Following Stokes and Neuss. Hooper reads Pan na woer. (RE) cw0519. fas = "demeanour". The context suggests this rather than face which other editors have. There is sexual innuendo as mentioned by Neuss. (RE) cw0524. dha vosta. Following Hooper's amendment. (RE) cw0527. dha fisment. Accepting Hooper's amendment. (RE) cw0533. ow bos. My suggestion. Hooper reads a'm bos but y'm bos would be needed if this follows on from the previous line. (RE) cw0534. ove. MS. eve. cw0538sd. This stage instruction is found in Hooper and Neuss but not in Stokes. (RE) cw0545. a'm godhvos. Following Stokes and Neuss. Hooper reads a'n gothfes: if you knew it. (RE) cw0548sd. This stage instruction is in Hooper and Neuss only. (RE) cw0552. h'a byle. Following Hooper (RE) cw0555. a-dhiwedhes. Following Hooper (or could it be dhe'th weres: to help you, though Neuss reads a thewhe3as?) (RE) cw0561. orth ow gweles. cw0570. dha negys. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0573. dha les. Following Stokes and Neuss. Hooper reads: dhe les. (RE) cw0574. krysi. Following Neuss. See Stokes' note in first column. Hooper follows Stokes with ow hyfya. (RE) cw0574. kyfy: cregy in the British Museum MS. cw0577/8. diskev'ra/dhiskev'ra. Printed -kevra both times in Hooper; given as dyskevera in Nance 90, diskevera in GM and omitted from GK 98. (RE) cw0580. meur dha volder. Partly Neuss' suggestion. Hooper suggests mar hevel da. (RE) cw0583. Da koedh yw = "It must be". Lit. It befalls well; it is. (RE) cw0583. Da koedh. The syllable count suggests the -a on cotha in the MS is not really a syllable so the verb is present tense. Hooper emends to Da yu, del goth. (RE) cw0599. Is "Michael" an exclamation, as assumed by Stokes, Hooper and Neuss, or does Eve think the Serpent is Michael (from heaven) or is it the English word mickle: great to add more weight to the gromersi? (RE) cw0604. gonsa. MS. gousa cw0607. routya Hooper's and Neuss' reading. (RE) cw0607. rowlya. MS. rowtya. cw0631. na thesan tastya (MS) Hooper prints: na dhes'en ha tastya: that we should not presume, apparently taking the verb as a conditional of dos. I am assuming that the s in thesan should be read as f to make an imperfect subjunctive. One would expect ha to follow as is printed by Hooper, but this would create an excess syllable. (RE) cw0646. a dhrog ha da. Hooper suggests ha drog ha da: both good and evil. (RE) cw0654. Hooper prints this line under cw0651. (RE) cw0656. Eya. Two syllables are needed to make up the count. This spelling is borrowed from Tregear to make this clear. See NK. (RE) cw0657. Strait. Taken as the English word. GM and GK 98 give Middle Cornish form straght but the guttural would not rhyme with jet in 658. (RE) cw0657/8. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0660. Gommandement. Taken as the French word with mutation. Four syllables (Gomm-and-e-ment) are needed to make up the syllable count. (RE) cw0669. Na vea. Taken as ve + pronoun a. Hooper prints na ve but this leaves the line a syllable short. (RE) cw0676. mystrustya, MS. apparently mystunstya. cw0676. ow mystrestya. Hooper's and Neuss' reading. (RE) cw0679. kam. British Museum MS ran. cw0680. viaj. Spelled vyaj in GM and GK98 but it has to be two syllables to fit the metre. (RE) cw0684. hwny. MS. hwnyth cw0686. heb shara. Br. Mus. MS heb y shara cw0691. res = "given". Other editors take here to mean "necessary". (RE) cw0699. Na vea. Taken as ve + pronoun a. Hooper prints na ve but this leaves the line a syllable short. (RE) cw0708. viaj. See cw0679 above. (RE) cw0735. ty a vydh. Bos used to mean to have, although Hooper reads ty a' fydh. (RE) cw0737. gaya avall. MS. gaye a avall. cw0756. y'n beuma. Bos meaning to have (RE) cw0767. Ev', Ev'. Taking this as one syllable here rather than the usual two gives the correct number of syllables (seven) to the line. (RE) cw0771. ha'th kusulyas.. Hooper has hag a'th but this creates an excess syllable. Stokes prints hag athe as indicated but says the MS has na. (RE) cw0784. My a fylli. Hooper reads My a 'velly and translates meseemed as does Norris, and Neuss has it seemed to me, but the fyllis echoes the fyllis of Adam in cw767. If lines 784/5 are taken as a conditional sentence after it seemed that, i.e. an indirect conditional, the verbs should revert to indicative mood as in PAA 122 7/8. See GMC (s)344/7. (RE) cw0795. ellas. The spelling in the MS aylaas suggests the pronunciation might be closer to the original French Hélas. (RE) cw0801. warrantyas. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw0805. gansa. MS. ganso. cw0807. viaj. Two syllables. See cw0679 above. cw0809 & cw0815. The matching Ye, ye and Taw, taw seem to be outside the normal syllable count. (RE) cw0818. brofyas. There seems to be some doubt whether the verb is previ or profya. (RE) cw0824. ny vydhav. Taken as bos meaning to have. Hooper prints ny'm byth vy. Or is it ny vedhav: I do not say? See NK (RE) cw0825. ny'm gwelydh. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0826. medhav. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0841. Ynter-ranna. This word seems clear though it is not shown in any dictionary. Hooper takes it as yntredhon-ny but this does nor fit the rhyme scheme so well. (RE) cw0846. Eya. Two syllables needed for the metre. See NK. (RE) cw0847. 'Dra vyn. Hooper takes this as hedra vyf, but the n suggests it is plural. His line has two excess syllables. (RE) cw0897. foghho. We have to assume either the existence of a verb mogha, not accepted in any dictionary, or a syllable elided from foghaho. Cf. om0297. (RE) cw0908. os; Hooper's reading. (RE). cw0911. prest; Hooper's reading. (RE). cw0917. croppya. MS cruppya. cw0918. viaj. Spelled vyaj in GM and GK98 but it has to be two syllables to fit the metre. (RE) cw0920. ombrevis; Hooper's reading. (RE). cw0924. slyncya. MS slyntya. cw0939. nep part; Hooper's reading. (RE). cw0952. wruga. MS wrugaf. cw0953. fus. MS fens. cw0962. Brit. Mus. MS has ny: we have deserved it. cw0962. ew. MS ow. cw0964. yskydnyow. MS yskydmyow. cw0976. dha wreg. Following Hooper. (RE) cw0979. bedhens gwiskys, lit. let them be put on. (RE) cw0993. Hooper emends to: Adam, Eva na begha. (RE) cw1018. a'm prev. My own suggestion. Hooper takes this as a'm be: I had, but the meaning seems to be as indicated, or; the fair words prove to me, assuming a'm is used in place of dhymm. (RE) cw1023. mar. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1025. ram lowta. MS. ram lea lowta. cw1025. re'm lel lowta. Keith Syed's suggestion following Stokes' note. The four syllables match the four in cw1030 better that re'm lowta as given by Hooper (RE) cw1029. pan. MS. pen. cw1031. cowle. MS. towle cw1040. ethlays: alas. an example of an attempt to the sound of the Welsh and Cornish ll. cw1040. gwev pan ova genys. Hooper takes this as govy pan vuf genys. but the gwef and the ove suggest that Adam was referring to himself in the third person. (RE) cw1042. hellys. MS gellys. cw1056sd. her. Neuss reads hes. (RE) cw1060. ha omitted to correct syllable count. (RE) cw1063. dhe'n eyl; cw1074. tha. MS that cw1080. y'n. Hooper's readings. (RE) cw1099. a vs merwall. The Museum copy has a vo in well. cw1099. awos, Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1109. a'm, Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1114. kilbyn. MS kylban. cw1119. te. MS to. cw1120. Kaym. Maybe this is intended to rhyme with ken in cw1122. If so the spelling Kaym is inappropriate. (RE) cw1159. bywvi. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1166. Dha voys. Hoopers's emendation. (RE) cw1177. ewn rag. Hooper's reading. Keith Syed has pointed out to me, to my surprise, that ewn is spelled en, and rag is spelled rage, several times in the MS. I had initially taken the MS en rage to be the two French words meaning in anger, which would, in fact, also make good sense in the context. (RE) cw1183. vydhyth. Hooper's emendation. (RE) cw1189. shower a yees. Brit. Mus. codex. Lower a yse. cw1190. ytho. MS ythe. cw1195. a rogella. B. M. Codex a rag ella cw1195. a wrug kelli. Hooper emends this to na wovyn orth. I have followed Norris who translates if he have hidden but it seems more likely the verb is kelli: to lose, rather that keles: to hide as that would end in s. The verbal noun kelli occurs three more times in CW and only once each in BM, PA and TH. It is also in the VC. It is unlikely that the a means if as this should cause hardening rather than softening as here and would give a kwrug. (i.e. a crogella in the MS). (RE) cw1195. y vroder. Hooper's reading, though it seems just possible the ye may be the English word the. (RE) cw1215. ny'th anniav. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1226. ortha welas. B.M. Codex orth the welas. cw1235. sor. MS for. cw1250. vytholl. MS. vythell. cw1258. hedra vyn byw. Following Hooper though he takes it as hedra vyf bew. (RE) cw1259. ov sur y hwra paynya. My own suggestion. Hooper emends to ef, sur, a wra ow faynya. (RE) cw1261. gwrys. MS. gwynes. cw1267. the3o. MS. the3e. cw1289. Placed after cw1290 in the KK column as suggested by Neuss. Hooper also places cw1292 after cw1288. (RE) cw1291. 'wos ladha. Following Hooper who rightly ignores Stokes' leg. lethys. (RE) cw1292. Avoydyama. Following Hooper. (RE) cw1305. "Tilly-vally". I have used this early expression given by Neuss as current expressions seem dated, too modern, or too colloquial. (RE) cw1308. tha geare. B.M. Codex ow gear. cw1334 ynten. MS. yttern. cw1335. vyajya. This appears to be the only case of vyaj- as one syllable rather than two. (RE) cw1352. bedhav y di. cw1352. bydh moy. Hooper's readings. (RE) cw1363. brakes. Apparently pronounced as one syllable as in Modern English though Hooper prints brakys as two syllables. This would make the line eight syllables rather than the normal seven. (RE) cw1369. dhe'n Tas. Hooper's and Neuss' reading. (RE) cw1378. seyth plag. Although the MS spelling is the English word plague, Stokes and Hooper take it as meaning sevenfold (seythplek). I am following Neuss who accepts the more obvious seyth plag. There may be an intended pun on the two possibilities as suggested in my translation. Compare cw1613/4. (RE) cw1396. baja. Hooper's and Neuss' reading though boya is given in Nance 90 with this reference. (RE) cw1396. dha boya. MS. that Baga. cw1409. dre'n planetys. Hooper's reading and interpretation. (RE) cw1416. Yth osta. My own suggestion. Hooper emends to Dha vos-ta. (RE) cw1419. collenwys. MS. tollenwys. cw1421. greyf. MS. greys. cw1427. ma'm boma. Based on Hooper's reading, May'm boma. (RE) cw1427. may. MS. maym. cw1431. Hooper and Neuss omit the I say without explanation. It clearly makes the line too long. (RE) cw1436. A. Hooper's and Neuss' reading. (RE) cw1439. par. Hooper's and Neussreading (RE) cw1454. a veu. Bos used to show possession. (RE) cw1464. gavav. Hooper's and Neuss' reading. (RE) cw1464. ny gavas. B.M. Codex. ny gafaf. cw1465. "An plesour eus dhymm y'n bys". Hooper has The one pleasure I have in the world. If, as often, y'n bys means only or at all, in the world is not necessary. If it does not, cw1463 must mean The pleasure in the world which I have. (RE) cw1470. a'y us. Hooper's reading. cf. pc0786. (RE) cw1487. deus nes. Following Hooper and Neuss. (RE) cw1505. 'wos. Hooper's reading. Cf cw1539. (RE) cw1547. yn-hons. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1550. mester. MS m'. cw1594. neb. Hooper's and Neuss' reading. (RE) cw1599. dha das ha'th vamm. Hooper's and Neuss' reading. (RE) cw1599. theis ow thas. MS. theis tha thas. cw1610. dha vosta. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1614b/15. Compare cw1378. (RE) cw1626. stark MS. start. cw1645/7. Hooper's emendations. cw1647. en ath dewlaga[s] lemyn. B.M. Codex. en ath dewla ena lemyn. cw1649. dha vosta. Hooper's emendation. cw1662 wrugav. 1s. Preterite. See CT p. 206. (RE) cw1667. Ow pywa 'thesov . Hooper's correction. (RE) cw1673. beast. MS. beastas. cw1705. ampydnyan. MS. apydgnyon. cw1717. dha. Following Hooper. (RE) cw1727. dhymm. Omitted by Hooper and Neuss but now included to complete the syllable count. (RE) cw1741. gwartron. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1750. ewn y'n veri prynt. Hooper's reading.(RE) cw1751. der ow oberow ena. This line is moved from its position at 1747 in the Stokes version of the MS, following Neuss. Hooper follows Stokes' version of the MS. (RE) cw1756. bub. MS. but cw1770. mayth eth. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1774a_sd. This is Hooper's reading of this English stage instruction. (RE) cw1777. ewn. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1782. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1783. dhymm. Included to complete the syllable count, though omitted by Hooper. (RE) cw1800. Strangeness. Treated as an English word as this is its only occurrence, though _stranj_ occurs elsewhere. (RE) cw1809. ynni. cw1812. dha. Following Hooper. (RE) cw1817. pryfna. MS. prydna. cw1819. ynni hi. Hooper's and Neuss' reading. (RE) cw1820. eva MS ave. cw1833. gwev. Following Hooper. Normally go-ev but only one syllable here as in l. 2138. (RE) cw1838. Neuss takes this as meaning really like myself thus, saying this is not inappropriate as Seth was a type of Christ. (RE) cw1840. henwys. MS. hemwys. cw1840. honna. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1865. Salvador. This spelling does not occur elsewhere and is not given in GM or GK98. It looks like the Spanish form (RE) cw1875. dhyska. (normally dhyski but dhyska preserves rhyme) Following Stokes and Neuss. Hooper reads dhesta. (RE) cw1893. playn = "full". Following Hooper and Nance 90. Stokes, Neuss and the KK dictionaries take playn as meaning plain or evident but the French plein (full) seems more likely here. (RE) cw1913. Reading and translation my suggestion. Hooper emends to ny'm bu joy vyth. (RE) cw1915. vlethydnyowe. MS. vlenydnyowe. cw1921. jam. I have followed Stokes and Neuss in translating jam as now. It must be the Latin word iam with this meaning, chosen to rhyme with namm but presumably pronounced as indicated when CW was written down. Hooper emends to pup tam but this creates an excess syllable. (RE) cw1921. ny. MS. I. cw1921. y. Hooper's reading following MS. as shown above. (RE) cw1928. thyma. MS. thewy. cw1944. dha. Following Hooper. (RE) cw1960. ferson. Hooper's correction. (RE) cw1964. gordhya. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw1979. bes MS. bef. cw1991. whon. MS. whom. cw1994, cw1997. dha. Following Hooper. (RE) cw2019. Effarnow. MS. Effarne owe. cw2021, cw2027. neb. This seems to mean where in these two cases. Hooper emends them to le may ma and ma na respectively. (RE) cw2023. toen. Hooper's reading (RE) cw2030. vydha. Hooper emends to a'n jevyth but it seems more likely to be the future vydh plus a reduced pronoun to make up the syllable count. (RE) cw2034. leskya. The MS spelling and rhyme scheme suggest this abnormal spelling. (RE) cw2036. tormentys. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw2049. vear. MS. vean cw2056. Eya. Spelling to show two syllables. (RE) cw2062. Ya. (one syllable) Following reading of Hooper and Neuss. (RE) cw2064. viaj. Spelled vyaj in GM and GK98 but it has to be two syllables to fit the metre. (RE) cw2064/5. ni...oy probably rhyme together as a neutral vowel plus yod, a sound like the French œuil. Chi appears sometimes as choy in Late Cornish (RE) cw2065. dalvyth. MS. dalvt. cw2066. neb. Apparently means where as in cw2022, cw2028. Hooper emends to le may ma. (RE) cw2075. dheffo, following Hooper. (RE) cw2115. hedhys. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw2117. y hwres. Hooper reads y whreth. (RE) cw2131. delycyous. MS. delycyans. cw2131. delysyous. Not in the KK dictionaries. Nance 90 spells delycyous in Unified. (RE) cw2137. gwev. Following Hooper. The normal spelling is go-ev but here the word is only one syllable. See also cw1833. (RE) cw2150, cw2162. dystruksyon. Not given in the KK dictionaries. Spelt dystructyon in Nance 90. (RE) cw2175. ottensi. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw2179. dout na. This is the only case i have found of dout (or own) followed by na to mean fear lest. (RE) cw2186sd. This stage instruction is taken from Neuss and Hooper. It does not appear in the Stokes edition (RE) cw2189. gwrys. Read as gwir by Hooper and Neuss. Hooper translates cw2188/9 as "and the marble, not a bit destroyed by water, shall there be, that is true." (RE) cw2191. In the MS. this and the preceding line come after cw2185. cw2212. haval. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw2212. preshyous. As used here, om0418 and om0918 this word seems to be a cognate of precise rather than precious and to mean exactly rather than well-formed as Hooper gives. Nance 90 and GM both give both precious and precisely for it. Two different words seem to have fallen together. (RE) cw2215. a wrussen. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw2243. lavar e. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw2247. huny. MS. hvnythe. cw2259. stancha. Spelt stanch in the dictionaries but the MS spelling suggests a second syllable which would complete the count of seven syllables. (RE) cw2267. ty. MS. da ty. (Neuss reads this as ea - ty a wra but this creates a ten syllable line and the yes does not really make much sense. RE) cw2268. blas. There is no verb plasya in the dictionaries. Hooper emends to ty a byn and adds yn to cw2266 to make a rhyme. (RE) cw2268. place. MS. playne. cw2280. Ow. Hooper's emendation. (RE) cw2288. gwriys. Read as gwrys: made by Hooper but gwriys: stitched seems more likely even though it makes an extra syllable. In om1073-6, Shem rigs an awning over the Ark. (RE) cw2292. deffrans. MS. dreffrans. cw2299. hwath. Read as hwyth: puff/fart by other editors but this does not rhyme well. (RE) cw2316. vesta. My suggestion. Hooper has dha vosta (RE) cw2328. dhis. Hooper's emendation. (RE) cw2331. dhymm lavar. Following Hooper and Neuss. (RE) cw2331. ko'sta = koedhesta. (RE) cw2362. dha eryow. Following Hooper (RE) cw2366. thyma. MS. thymo. cw2378. "Tilly-vally". I have used this early expression suggested by Neuss as current expressions seem dated, too modern or too colloquial. (RE) cw2408. My a'n te. cw2417. nag yw; following Hooper. (RE). cw2418. y tons. Hooper reads as ottens. (RE) cw2430. wore. MS. wo3a cw2441. Ow! Dar!; cw2447. Noy hweg; cw2450. ke. MS. te. (Neuss reads as te: you. RE) cw2467. dhallathas; following Hooper. (RE) cw2485-89. In the ms these lines appear in the following order: 2485, 2488, 2489, 2486, 2487. cw2485/6. gwruthyl, guthyl. Two syllable forms of gul do not appear in the KK dictionaries. (RE) cw2487, cw2494. sacrifice. The syllable count suggests the final e could be syllabic in cw2487 and silent in cw2494. (RE) cw2502. gwelav vy. Following Hooper. (RE) cw2503. ahanowgh hwi. Following Hooper. (RE) cw2506. dystruksyon. Not given in the KK dictionaries. Spelt dystructyon in Nance 90. (RE) cw2512. edhen. Hooper's reading. (RE) cw2522. Hooper takes this as y wos a dheff'ha scullya. 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